Technology for growing coffee seeds, there are two methods: growing seeds on beds to produce oyster leaves and then planting them in pots or planting seeds directly in pots . These two incubation methods have their own advantages and limitations. If we grow seeds on oyster leaves and then put them in pots, we can choose seedlings with good roots, but the limitation is that it takes time to transplant them into pots, and when first transplanted, it takes nearly a week for the new plants to stabilize. can develop. There is also a certain death rate, so depending on actual conditions, people choose the appropriate method.
Prepare the soil
Thus, when treating soil to grow coffee seedlings, people should note: the soil used to make nursery pots should be taken from the top layer of 10 – 15 cm with loose organic content at high level, seen with a horizontal level. The eyes are usually dark brown, the soil is soft and has little clumping. Remove impurities from the roots by using a mesh to remove soil. Do not take from coffee gardens with yellow leaves and root rot, root rot caused by nematodes, fungal diseases and mealybugs. Mix 3 cubic meters of soil, 1 cubic meter of decomposed manure with 25 – 30 Kg of calcined phosphate, 1 – 1.5 lime powder, mix and incubate for about 20 days to 1 month before potting.
Prepare the nursery
The nursery must be near a water source convenient for transportation, with well-drained, flat and airtight soil. Bamboo trellis materials can be used for thatching, weaving, industrial plastic…
Thus, when preparing the nursery, people need to pay attention to the location of the garden, which must be close to a water source to facilitate transportation.
Prepare nursery pots
Use a Pe bag sized 13-15 X 20 – 25 cm with 6 holes punched and 2 bottom corners cut for drainage. The way to check to close the pots tightly is to keep the pots upright without breaking them, stack the pots vertically close to each other in horizontal and vertical lines, and stuff the soil outside to prevent them from falling over.
Select and process seeds
For coffee seeds, farmers should choose varieties from competent agencies that allow production and the seeds must ensure disease-free quality specifications.
After being harvested, the seeds are separated from the slime and incubated for 12 – 24 hours to remove the slime, then people take it out to wash. There are two methods, one is to peel the rice or not to peel the rice. The method of peeling the rice husks ensures uniform germination and earlier germination time. Without peeling the rice husks, the sowing is still stable and ensures slower germination time. Then soak for about 12 hours, rinse with clean water, then incubate for about 3-5 days when you see the coffee beans crack, then plant them.
Seeding method
Soil for sowing is loose soil, then sift the soil to remove impurities and smooth the soil to avoid clustered roots, bent roots and 2 roots, and proceed to make a bed of 1m – 1m2 and a depth of 20cm to allow the seedling roots to grow. Good. People can sow with soil or mix soil and sand with a ratio of 50/50, it will create looseness for the roots. Start sowing in a thin layer to avoid overlapping the seeds to avoid curling the roots and allowing the seeds to germinate better. And people can add a thin layer of soil.
Technique of inserting seedlings into pots
Normally, about 2 months after sowing, the plant will have oyster leaves and we will plant it in the pot. When uprooting, avoid plants with clustered roots, curved roots, or two roots, only use plants with 1 straight taproot. If any roots are longer than 5cm, you should cut them off and stick them straight into the pot.
Thus, farmers need to pay attention to choosing mother plants to harvest, dry and preserve seeds properly, and choose the right time to sow seeds to promptly export them from the garden. Adjust light to supplement nutrition and prevent pests. 15 – 20 days before leaving the garden, do not fertilize and 100% bamboo trellises must be removed to harden the plants.
Plants when exported from the garden must ensure good growth and development without pests and at least 6 pairs of leaves. If due to seasonal reasons due to rain lasting longer in the nursery than expected, fertilize with a concentration of 30g/10 liters of phosphorus water to limit plant growth and make the plant stronger.
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